What significant change occurs in Gulliver's perspective on humankind?

Gulliver's perspective on humankind transforms significantly throughout his travels, particularly influenced by his encounters with various cultures and societies. By the time he returns from his adventures, he becomes increasingly cynical about human nature. This cynicism is rooted in his experiences with the Lilliputians, Brobdingnagians, and other creatures, which reveal the flaws, vices, and corruptions inherent in humanity.

In Brobdingnag, for example, he is exposed to a society that holds a mirror to the follies and moral shortcomings of Europeans. The king of Brobdingnag's disdain for the political machinations of European leaders deepens Gulliver's disillusionment with power and pride. Thus, instead of idolizing authority or fostering an optimistic view of humanity, he grows to see human beings as flawed and self-serving. His experiences lead him to a profound awareness of human shortcomings, ultimately resulting in a bitter skepticism about human nature as he compares it unfavorably with the other civilizations he encounters. This evolving view is central to the themes of Gulliver's Travels, highlighting the satire of humanity’s pretensions and moral failings.