What does the term "Laputa" represent in the story?

The term "Laputa" in "Gulliver's Travels" symbolizes the impracticality of theoretical knowledge and the flaws of philosophical and scientific pursuits that are divorced from everyday life. It is depicted as a floating island inhabited by people who are so absorbed in their abstract theories and scientific endeavors that they neglect practical realities. The inhabitants prioritize useless knowledge and experimental inventions, often leading to absurdity and confusion rather than helpful advances.

Through the portrayal of Laputa, Swift critiques the Enlightenment's emphasis on reason and rationality, highlighting how purely theoretical approaches can be disconnected from the practical needs and concerns of society. This setting serves as a satirical commentary on intellect that lacks application in real-world situations, ultimately representing the dangers of extreme rationalism when it is not balanced by practicality.