What does the distinction between high and low heels symbolize in the story?

The distinction between high and low heels in "Gulliver's Travels" serves as a powerful symbol of social status and materialism. In the story, the various factions in Lilliput differentiate themselves through their choice of heel height, which directly correlates to their rank and societal standing. High heels are associated with the nobility and those in positions of power, while low heels represent the common people or those of lower status. This practice exemplifies the absurdity and arbitrary nature of social hierarchies, showcasing how people can be judged and categorized based on superficial traits, such as footwear.

Furthermore, this distinction highlights the emphasis on appearances and material displays of wealth and power, indicating how societal values are often deeply intertwined with fashion and status symbols. By using heels as a means of social classification, Jonathan Swift critiques the superficiality of his era's societal norms, illuminating the folly of equating external attributes with true worth or merit. This critique is central to the satirical nature of the work, making the symbolism of high and low heels an integral aspect of the broader themes concerning society and human behavior found throughout the narrative.