What does Swift criticize about European culture through Gulliver's experiences?

In "Gulliver's Travels," Jonathan Swift uses the protagonist's various encounters to highlight and criticize the hypocrisy, vice, and moral failings prevalent in European society during the 18th century. Through Gulliver's experiences, particularly in places like Lilliput and Brobdingnag, Swift exposes the flaws of human nature and the corrupting influence of power and ambition.

For instance, in Lilliput, the pettiness of the political conflicts and the arbitrary nature of their distinctions underscore the absurdity of human pride and the hypocrisy in governance. Similarly, in Brobdingnag, Gulliver's interactions with the giants reveal their moral superiority and a sense of virtue that starkly contrasts with his own society’s vices, such as greed and dishonesty. By portraying these moral failings through the satirical lens of fantastical worlds, Swift invites readers to reflect critically on their own societal norms and the ethical implications of their actions, ultimately revealing a deep concern for the moral state of humanity.