How does Gulliver's view of humanity evolve during his travels?

Gulliver's view of humanity evolves significantly throughout his travels, leading him to become increasingly disillusioned with human flaws. Initially, he may have had a degree of optimism, but as he encounters various cultures and peoples, he is confronted with the shortcomings and vices that pervade human nature.

In Lilliput, for instance, he observes the pettiness and triviality of the political conflicts among the tiny inhabitants, which reflect broader human follies. His experiences in Brobdingnag further amplify his disillusionment as he encounters the moral perspective of the Brobdingnagians who view Europeans as morally inferior due to their greed and corruption.

Later in Houyhnhnms, where he meets rational horses living in a society devoid of deceit and vice, Gulliver's exposure to this ideal starkly contrasts with human society, leading to a profound disappointment. By the time he returns to England, his disdain for humanity has grown, as he struggles to reconcile his experiences with the behavior of the people in his own society, ultimately developing a deep-seated misanthropy.

Thus, Gulliver's journey transforms him from a somewhat naïve observer to a deeply critical commentator on human nature, culminating in a significant dis